Python에서 PDF 파일을 보는 방법

Import the required libraries

To begin, import the necessary libraries. In this case, the os, shutil, ironpdf, tkinter, and PIL libraries will be needed. The os and shutil libraries are used for file and folder operations, ironpdf is the library for working with PDF files, tkinter is used for creating the graphical user interface (GUI), and PIL is used for image manipulation.

import os
import shutil
import ironpdf
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk

import os
import shutil
import ironpdf
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk

Convert PDF Document to Images

Next, define a function called convert_pdf_to_images. This function takes the path of the PDF file as input. Inside the function, the IronPDF library is used to load the PDF document from the file. Then, specify a folder path to store the extracted image files. IronPDF's pdf.RasterizeToImageFiles method is used to convert each PDF page of the PDF to an image file and save it in the specified folder. A list is used to store the image paths. The complete code example is as follows:

def convert_pdf_to_images(pdf_file):
    """Convert each page of a PDF file to an image."""
    pdf = ironpdf.PdfDocument.FromFile(pdf_file)
    # Extract all pages to a folder as image files
    folder_path = "images"
    pdf.RasterizeToImageFiles(os.path.join(folder_path, "*.png"))
    # List to store the image paths
    image_paths = []
    # Get the list of image files in the folder
    for filename in os.listdir(folder_path):
        if filename.lower().endswith((".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".gif")):
            image_paths.append(os.path.join(folder_path, filename))
    return image_paths

def convert_pdf_to_images(pdf_file):
    """Convert each page of a PDF file to an image."""
    pdf = ironpdf.PdfDocument.FromFile(pdf_file)
    # Extract all pages to a folder as image files
    folder_path = "images"
    pdf.RasterizeToImageFiles(os.path.join(folder_path, "*.png"))
    # List to store the image paths
    image_paths = []
    # Get the list of image files in the folder
    for filename in os.listdir(folder_path):
        if filename.lower().endswith((".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".gif")):
            image_paths.append(os.path.join(folder_path, filename))
    return image_paths

To extract text from PDF documents, visit this code examples page.

Handle Window Closure

To clean up the extracted image files when the application window is closed, define an on_closing function. Inside this function, use the shutil.rmtree() method to delete the entire images folder. Next, set this function as the protocol to be executed when the window is closed. The following code helps achieve the task:

def on_closing():
    """Handle the window closing event by cleaning up the images."""
    # Delete the images in the 'images' folder
    shutil.rmtree("images")
    window.destroy()

window.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_closing)

def on_closing():
    """Handle the window closing event by cleaning up the images."""
    # Delete the images in the 'images' folder
    shutil.rmtree("images")
    window.destroy()

window.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_closing)

Create the GUI Window

Now, let's create the main GUI window using the Tk() constructor, set the window title to "Image Viewer," and set the on_closing() function as the protocol to handle window closure.

window = Tk()
window.title("Image Viewer")
window.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_closing)

window = Tk()
window.title("Image Viewer")
window.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_closing)

Create a Scrollable Canvas

To display the images and enable scrolling, create a Canvas widget. The Canvas widget is configured to fill the available space and expand in both directions using pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=True). Additionally, create a Scrollbar widget and configure it to control the vertical scrolling of all the pages and canvas.

canvas = Canvas(window)
canvas.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=True)

scrollbar = Scrollbar(window, command=canvas.yview)
scrollbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)

# Update the scrollregion to encompass the entire canvas
canvas.bind("<Configure>", lambda e: canvas.configure(
    scrollregion=canvas.bbox("all")))

# Configure the vertical scrolling using mouse wheel
canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", lambda e: canvas.yview_scroll(
    int(-1*(e.delta/120)), "units"))

canvas = Canvas(window)
canvas.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=True)

scrollbar = Scrollbar(window, command=canvas.yview)
scrollbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)

# Update the scrollregion to encompass the entire canvas
canvas.bind("<Configure>", lambda e: canvas.configure(
    scrollregion=canvas.bbox("all")))

# Configure the vertical scrolling using mouse wheel
canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", lambda e: canvas.yview_scroll(
    int(-1*(e.delta/120)), "units"))

Create a Frame for Images

Next, create a Frame widget inside the canvas to hold the images by using create_window() to place the frame within the canvas. The (0, 0) coordinates and anchor='nw' parameter ensure that the frame starts in the top left corner of the canvas.

frame = Frame(canvas)
canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=frame, anchor="nw")

frame = Frame(canvas)
canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=frame, anchor="nw")

Convert PDF file to Images and Display

The next step is to call the convert_pdf_to_images() function with the file path name of the input PDF file. This function extracts the PDF pages as images and returns a list of image paths. By iterating through the image paths and loading each image using the Image.open() method from the PIL library, a PhotoImage object is created using ImageTk.PhotoImage(). Then create a Label widget to display the image.

images = convert_pdf_to_images("input.pdf")
# Load and display the images in the Frame
for image_path in images:
    image = Image.open(image_path)
    photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
    label = Label(frame, image=photo)
    label.image = photo  # Store a reference to prevent garbage collection
    label.pack(pady=10)

images = convert_pdf_to_images("input.pdf")
# Load and display the images in the Frame
for image_path in images:
    image = Image.open(image_path)
    photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
    label = Label(frame, image=photo)
    label.image = photo  # Store a reference to prevent garbage collection
    label.pack(pady=10)

The input file

Run the GUI Main Loop

Finally, let's run the main event loop using window.mainloop(). This ensures that the GUI window remains open and responsive until it is closed by the user.

window.mainloop()

window.mainloop()

The UI output