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C# 中的日期时间对象(开发人员的使用方法)

乔尔迪·巴尔迪亚
乔尔迪·巴尔迪亚
2024年四月3日
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介绍

在C#中,DateTime对象是处理.NET Framework应用程序中的日期和时间的基础。 他们提供了一整套强大的功能,用于操作、格式化和比较日期和时间。

本文旨在全面概述 C# 中的 DateTime 对象,包括它们的创建、操作、格式化以及常见用例。 在文章的结尾,我们还将探讨如何 IronPDF铁软件可以在 C# 应用程序中即时生成 PDF 文档。

创建 DateTime 对象

在C#中创建一个DateTime对象很简单。 有多种构造函数可用于使用不同参数初始化DateTime对象:

// Current date and time
DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Specific date and time
DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
// Date only
DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
// Date and time in UTC
DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
// Current date and time
DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Specific date and time
DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
// Date only
DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
// Date and time in UTC
DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;

操作 DateTime 对象

DateTime 对象提供了多种方法来操作日期和时间,例如添加或减去时间间隔、提取组件以及在时区之间进行转换。

DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
// Adding days
DateTime futureDate = now.AddDays(7);
// Subtracting hours
DateTime pastTime = now.AddHours(-3);
// Getting components
int year = now.Year;
int month = now.Month;
int day = now.Day;
int hour = now.Hour;
int minute = now.Minute;
int second = now.Second;
// Converting between time zones
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
DateTime localTime = utcTime.ToLocalTime();
DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
// Adding days
DateTime futureDate = now.AddDays(7);
// Subtracting hours
DateTime pastTime = now.AddHours(-3);
// Getting components
int year = now.Year;
int month = now.Month;
int day = now.Day;
int hour = now.Hour;
int minute = now.Minute;
int second = now.Second;
// Converting between time zones
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
DateTime localTime = utcTime.ToLocalTime();

格式化 DateTime 对象

DateTime 对象表示时间或日期,可以使用各种格式说明符将其格式化为字符串,以所需格式呈现。

DateTime dateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Standard date and time format
string standardFormat = dateTime.ToString("G");
// Custom format
string customFormat = dateTime.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss");
// Format for sorting
string sortableFormat = dateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss");
DateTime dateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Standard date and time format
string standardFormat = dateTime.ToString("G");
// Custom format
string customFormat = dateTime.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss");
// Format for sorting
string sortableFormat = dateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss");

比较 DateTime 对象

C# 提供标准比较运算符(<, >, <=, >=, ==, !=)可以直接用于比较两个 DateTime 对象。 这些运算符比较 DateTime 对象的基础滴答数,这些滴答数表示自公历元年1月1日00:00:00.000以来经过的100纳秒间隔数。

以下是一个演示比较运算符使用的例子:

DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
if (date1 < date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (date1 > date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
if (date1 < date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (date1 > date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}

使用 DateTime.Compare C# 方法

除了比较运算符之外,DateTime对象还提供了用于比较这些对象之间相对值的方法。 这些方法在某些情况下提供了更大的灵活性和可读性。 CompareTo()method比较基础的DateTime` 对象以确定结果。

假设这两个日期在相同的时区值。 在比较对象后,它返回一个整数值,表示大于、小于或等于。 相同日期值返回整数值零。

DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
if (result < 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (result > 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
if (result < 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (result > 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}

比较 DateTime 对象时的容忍度

在比较 DateTime 对象时,尤其是在处理涉及时间间隔的计算时,由于精度可能存在差异,考虑一个容差水平是很重要的。

这可以通过将两个 DateTime 值之间的绝对差异与预定义的容差阈值进行比较来实现。

class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(10);
TimeSpan tolerance = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5);
bool isEqual = Math.Abs((date1 - date2).TotalMilliseconds) <= tolerance.TotalMilliseconds;
if (isEqual)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is considered equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is not equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
}
}
class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(10);
TimeSpan tolerance = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5);
bool isEqual = Math.Abs((date1 - date2).TotalMilliseconds) <= tolerance.TotalMilliseconds;
if (isEqual)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is considered equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is not equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
}
}

处理时区和夏令时问题

C# 中的 DateTime 对象可以表示本地时间和协调世界时(UTC)(世界协调时). 特别是处理全球应用程序时,了解时区转换很重要。

DateTime localTime = DateTime.Now;
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
Console.WriteLine("Local Time: " + localTime);
Console.WriteLine("UTC Time: " + utcTime);
DateTime localTime = DateTime.Now;
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
Console.WriteLine("Local Time: " + localTime);
Console.WriteLine("UTC Time: " + utcTime);

IronPDF 用于在 C# 中生成 PDF 文档

IronPDF 是来自 Iron Software 的一个高效且易于使用的 PDF 生成库。 我们可以使用NuGet包管理器安装它。

C# 中的日期时间对象(开发人员如何使用):图 1

NuGet\Install-Package IronPdf -Version 2024.3.4

或者从 Visual Studio 中按如下所示进行操作

C# 中的日期时间对象(开发人员如何使用):图 2 - 使用 NuGet 软件包管理器安装 IronPDF

现在让我们深入研究 PDF 生成来演示一个 DateTime 对象。

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------");
        var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer(); // var pattern
        var content = " <h1> Iron Software is Awesome </h1> Made with IronPDF!";
        content += "<h2>Demo Datetime Objects in C#</h2>";
        // Current date and time
        content += "<h3>Current date and time</h3>";
        DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
        content += $"<p>Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}");
        // Specific date and time
        content += "<h3>Specific date and time</h3>";
        DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
        content += $"<p>Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}");
        // Date only
        content += "<h3>Date Only</h3>";
        DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        // Date and time in UTC
        content += "<h3>Date and time in UTC</h3>";
        DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Operators
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Operators</h3>";
        DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
        DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDates(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Compare Method
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Compare Method</h3>";
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDatesWithCompare(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        var pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content);
        pdf.SaveAs("outputDate.pdf"); // Saves PDF
    }
    public static string CompareDatesWithCompare(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
        string resultString;
        if (result < 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else if (result > 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else
        {
            resultString = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        return resultString;
    }
    public static string CompareDates(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        string result;
        if (CheckLessor(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else if (CheckGreater(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else
        {
            result = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static bool CheckGreater(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 > date2;
    }
    public static bool CheckLessor(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 < date2;
    }
}
class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------");
        var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer(); // var pattern
        var content = " <h1> Iron Software is Awesome </h1> Made with IronPDF!";
        content += "<h2>Demo Datetime Objects in C#</h2>";
        // Current date and time
        content += "<h3>Current date and time</h3>";
        DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
        content += $"<p>Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}");
        // Specific date and time
        content += "<h3>Specific date and time</h3>";
        DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
        content += $"<p>Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}");
        // Date only
        content += "<h3>Date Only</h3>";
        DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        // Date and time in UTC
        content += "<h3>Date and time in UTC</h3>";
        DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Operators
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Operators</h3>";
        DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
        DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDates(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Compare Method
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Compare Method</h3>";
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDatesWithCompare(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        var pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content);
        pdf.SaveAs("outputDate.pdf"); // Saves PDF
    }
    public static string CompareDatesWithCompare(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
        string resultString;
        if (result < 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else if (result > 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else
        {
            resultString = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        return resultString;
    }
    public static string CompareDates(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        string result;
        if (CheckLessor(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else if (CheckGreater(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else
        {
            result = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static bool CheckGreater(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 > date2;
    }
    public static bool CheckLessor(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 < date2;
    }
}

以下输出显示了使用 DateTime 对象生成的 PDF:

C# 中的 `DateTime` 对象(开发人员如何使用):图 3

IronPDF 试用许可证

IronPDF. 请提供一个电子邮箱地址,以便生成许可证密钥并发送到您提供的邮箱。

"IronPDF.LicenseKey": "<Your Key>"
"IronPDF.LicenseKey": "<Your Key>"

将许可证密钥放入 AppSettings.Json 文件。

结论

在 C# 中,DateTime 对象为 .NET 应用程序提供了一种强大的日期和时间处理方式。 他们提供了广泛的功能,用于创建、操作、格式化和比较日期和时间值。 了解如何有效使用DateTime对象对于在C#应用程序中构建可靠和准确的日期和时间功能至关重要。

通过利用 DateTime 对象的功能,开发人员可以确保他们的应用程序能够正确处理日期和时间,无论遇到何种特定需求或场景。

无论是计算持续时间、安排任务,还是向用户显示日期和时间,DateTime 对象在许多与 C# 编程中日期和时间管理相关的方面都起着至关重要的作用。

乔尔迪·巴尔迪亚
乔尔迪·巴尔迪亚
软件工程师
Jordi 最擅长 Python、C# 和 C++,当他不在 Iron Software 运用技能时,他会进行游戏编程。作为产品测试、产品开发和研究的负责人之一,Jordi 为持续的产品改进增添了极大的价值。多样化的经验让他充满挑战和参与感,他说这是他在 Iron Software 工作中最喜欢的方面之一。Jordi 在佛罗里达州迈阿密长大,并在佛罗里达大学学习计算机科学和统计学。
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