C# Pair Class (How It Works For Developers)
A pair is a simple data structure that holds two related values. It provides a convenient way to bundle two distinct pieces of data together. Pairs are commonly used when a method needs to return two values or when working with key-value associations.
In C#, developers often resort to using tuples (Tuple<T1, T2>
) for pairing values. However, tuples are immutable, and their elements are accessed via properties like Item1 and Item2, which can lead to less readable code when used extensively. This is where a custom Pair class comes in handy.
If you require a structure to hold two related objects and data hiding is not a priority, you can utilize the Pair class in your code. The Pair class does not encapsulate its object references. Instead, it exposes them directly to all calling codes as public class fields.
This design choice allows for straightforward access to the contained objects without the overhead of encapsulation. Also, at the end of the article, we will explore how IronPDF for PDF Generation from Iron Software Overview can be used to generate a PDF document.
Tuples
C# 7.0 introduced tuple syntax improvements, making tuples even easier to work with. Here's how you can declare and initialize tuples:
// Tuple declaration
var person = (name: "John", age: 30);
// Accessing tuple elements using named properties
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {person.name}, Age: {person.age}");
// Tuple deconstruction
var (name, age) = person;
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Age: {age}");
// Tuple declaration
var person = (name: "John", age: 30);
// Accessing tuple elements using named properties
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {person.name}, Age: {person.age}");
// Tuple deconstruction
var (name, age) = person;
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Age: {age}");
' Tuple declaration
Dim person = (name:= "John", age:= 30)
' Accessing tuple elements using named properties
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {person.name}, Age: {person.age}")
' Tuple deconstruction
'INSTANT VB TODO TASK: VB has no equivalent to C# deconstruction declarations:
var(name, age) = person
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Age: {age}")
Benefits of Tuples
Concise Syntax
Tuples allow you to express complex data structures using a concise syntax without the need for defining custom classes or structs.
Lightweight
Tuples are lightweight data structures, making them suitable for scenarios where you need temporary or intermediate storage of data.
Implicit Naming
With tuple syntax, you can implicitly name tuple elements, enhancing code readability and reducing the need for comments.
Returning Multiple Values from Methods
public (int Quotient, int Remainder) Divide(int dividend, int divisor)
{
int quotient = dividend / divisor;
int remainder = dividend % divisor;
return (quotient, remainder);
}
var result = Divide(10, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.Quotient}, Remainder: {result.Remainder}");
public (int Quotient, int Remainder) Divide(int dividend, int divisor)
{
int quotient = dividend / divisor;
int remainder = dividend % divisor;
return (quotient, remainder);
}
var result = Divide(10, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.Quotient}, Remainder: {result.Remainder}");
Public Function Divide(ByVal dividend As Integer, ByVal divisor As Integer) As (Quotient As Integer, Remainder As Integer)
Dim quotient As Integer = dividend \ divisor
Dim remainder As Integer = dividend Mod divisor
Return (quotient, remainder)
End Function
Private result = Divide(10, 3)
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.Quotient}, Remainder: {result.Remainder}")
Simplifying Method Signatures
public (string Name, string Surname) GetNameAndSurname()
{
// Retrieve name and surname from a data source
return ("John", "Doe");
}
var (name, surname) = GetNameAndSurname();
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Surname: {surname}");
public (string Name, string Surname) GetNameAndSurname()
{
// Retrieve name and surname from a data source
return ("John", "Doe");
}
var (name, surname) = GetNameAndSurname();
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Surname: {surname}");
Public Function GetNameAndSurname() As (Name As String, Surname As String)
' Retrieve name and surname from a data source
Return ("John", "Doe")
End Function
'INSTANT VB TODO TASK: VB has no equivalent to C# deconstruction declarations:
var(name, surname) = GetNameAndSurname()
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Surname: {surname}")
Grouping Related Data
var point = (x: 10, y: 20);
var color = (r: 255, g: 0, b: 0);
var person = (name: "Alice", age: 25);
var point = (x: 10, y: 20);
var color = (r: 255, g: 0, b: 0);
var person = (name: "Alice", age: 25);
Dim point = (x:= 10, y:= 20)
Dim color = (r:= 255, g:= 0, b:= 0)
Dim person = (name:= "Alice", age:= 25)
Limitations and Considerations
While C# 7.0 tuples provide significant benefits, there are some limitations and considerations to keep in mind:
- Tuples are limited in terms of expressiveness compared to custom classes or structs.
- Tuple elements are accessed using Item1, Item2, etc. when explicit names are not provided, which can reduce code readability.
Pair Custom Class
public class Pair<T1, T2>
{
public T1 First { get; set; }
public T2 Second { get; set; }
// Constructor to initialize the pair
public Pair(T1 first, T2 second)
{
First = first;
Second = second;
}
}
public class Pair<T1, T2>
{
public T1 First { get; set; }
public T2 Second { get; set; }
// Constructor to initialize the pair
public Pair(T1 first, T2 second)
{
First = first;
Second = second;
}
}
Public Class Pair(Of T1, T2)
Public Property First() As T1
Public Property Second() As T2
' Constructor to initialize the pair
Public Sub New(ByVal first As T1, ByVal second As T2)
Me.First = first
Me.Second = second
End Sub
End Class
In this class, the types are defined at the time of usage, and the two properties are exposed as public properties.
Using the Pair Class
Now, let's explore some common use cases where the Pair class can be beneficial:
1. Storing Coordinates
// Creating a new instance of the Pair class to store coordinates
Pair<int, int> coordinates = new Pair<int, int>(10, 20);
Console.WriteLine($"X: {coordinates.First}, Y: {coordinates.Second}");
// Creating a new instance of the Pair class to store coordinates
Pair<int, int> coordinates = new Pair<int, int>(10, 20);
Console.WriteLine($"X: {coordinates.First}, Y: {coordinates.Second}");
' Creating a new instance of the Pair class to store coordinates
Dim coordinates As New Pair(Of Integer, Integer)(10, 20)
Console.WriteLine($"X: {coordinates.First}, Y: {coordinates.Second}")
2. Returning Multiple Values from a Method
// Method returning a Pair, representing both quotient and remainder
public Pair<int, int> Divide(int dividend, int divisor)
{
int quotient = dividend / divisor;
int remainder = dividend % divisor;
return new Pair<int, int>(quotient, remainder);
}
// Usage
Pair<int, int> result = Divide(10, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.First}, Remainder: {result.Second}");
// Method returning a Pair, representing both quotient and remainder
public Pair<int, int> Divide(int dividend, int divisor)
{
int quotient = dividend / divisor;
int remainder = dividend % divisor;
return new Pair<int, int>(quotient, remainder);
}
// Usage
Pair<int, int> result = Divide(10, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.First}, Remainder: {result.Second}");
' Method returning a Pair, representing both quotient and remainder
Public Function Divide(ByVal dividend As Integer, ByVal divisor As Integer) As Pair(Of Integer, Integer)
Dim quotient As Integer = dividend \ divisor
Dim remainder As Integer = dividend Mod divisor
Return New Pair(Of Integer, Integer)(quotient, remainder)
End Function
' Usage
Private result As Pair(Of Integer, Integer) = Divide(10, 3)
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.First}, Remainder: {result.Second}")
3. Storing Key-Value Pairs
// Storing a key-value pair
Pair<string, int> keyValue = new Pair<string, int>("Age", 30);
Console.WriteLine($"Key: {keyValue.First}, Value: {keyValue.Second}");
// Storing a key-value pair
Pair<string, int> keyValue = new Pair<string, int>("Age", 30);
Console.WriteLine($"Key: {keyValue.First}, Value: {keyValue.Second}");
' Storing a key-value pair
Dim keyValue As New Pair(Of String, Integer)("Age", 30)
Console.WriteLine($"Key: {keyValue.First}, Value: {keyValue.Second}")
Key-Value Pairs
Key-value pairs provide a simple and efficient way to associate data. In C#, the primary tool for working with key-value pairs is the Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
class, a versatile and powerful collection type.
Understanding Key-Value Pairs
A key-value pair is a data structure that associates a unique key with a value. This association allows for efficient retrieval and manipulation of data based on its unique identifier. In C#, key-value pairs are commonly used for tasks such as caching, configuration management, and data storage.
Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
in C#
The Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
class in C# is a generic collection that stores key-value pairs. It provides fast lookups based on the keys and is widely used for managing associative data.
Creating and Populating a Dictionary
Dictionary<string, int> ages = new Dictionary<string, int>
{
{ "Alice", 30 },
{ "Bob", 35 },
{ "Charlie", 25 }
};
Dictionary<string, int> ages = new Dictionary<string, int>
{
{ "Alice", 30 },
{ "Bob", 35 },
{ "Charlie", 25 }
};
Dim ages As New Dictionary(Of String, Integer) From {
{"Alice", 30},
{"Bob", 35},
{"Charlie", 25}
}
Accessing Values by Key
// Directly access a value by its key
Console.WriteLine($"Alice's age: {ages["Alice"]}");
// Directly access a value by its key
Console.WriteLine($"Alice's age: {ages["Alice"]}");
' Directly access a value by its key
Console.WriteLine($"Alice's age: {ages("Alice")}")
Iterating Over Key-Value Pairs
// Iterate over all key-value pairs in the dictionary
foreach (var pair in ages)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {pair.Key}, Age: {pair.Value}");
}
// Iterate over all key-value pairs in the dictionary
foreach (var pair in ages)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {pair.Key}, Age: {pair.Value}");
}
' Iterate over all key-value pairs in the dictionary
For Each pair In ages
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {pair.Key}, Age: {pair.Value}")
Next pair
Advanced Scenarios
Handling Missing Keys
if (ages.TryGetValue("David", out int age))
{
Console.WriteLine($"David's age: {age}");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("David's age is not available.");
}
if (ages.TryGetValue("David", out int age))
{
Console.WriteLine($"David's age: {age}");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("David's age is not available.");
}
Dim age As Integer
If ages.TryGetValue("David", age) Then
Console.WriteLine($"David's age: {age}")
Else
Console.WriteLine("David's age is not available.")
End If
Removing Entries
// Remove an entry given its key
ages.Remove("Charlie");
// Remove an entry given its key
ages.Remove("Charlie");
' Remove an entry given its key
ages.Remove("Charlie")
Dictionary Initialization
// Initialize a dictionary with color codes
var colors = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{ "red", "#FF0000" },
{ "green", "#00FF00" },
{ "blue", "#0000FF" }
};
// Initialize a dictionary with color codes
var colors = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{ "red", "#FF0000" },
{ "green", "#00FF00" },
{ "blue", "#0000FF" }
};
' Initialize a dictionary with color codes
Dim colors = New Dictionary(Of String, String) From {
{"red", "#FF0000"},
{"green", "#00FF00"},
{"blue", "#0000FF"}
}
Beyond Dictionary: Alternatives and Considerations
While Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
is a powerful tool, alternative approaches, and considerations depend on the specific requirements of your application:
ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>
: If your application requires thread-safe access to the dictionary from multiple threads, consider usingConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>
.ImmutableDictionary<TKey, TValue>
: For scenarios where immutability is desired,ImmutableDictionary<TKey, TValue>
from theSystem.Collections.Immutable
namespace provides immutable key-value collections.- Custom Key-Value Pair Classes: In situations where you need additional functionality or specific behavior, consider creating custom key-value pair classes tailored to your requirements.
IronPDF Library
IronPDF by Iron Software Products is an excellent library for generating PDF documents. Its ease of use and efficiency are second to none.
IronPDF excels in HTML to PDF conversion, ensuring precise preservation of original layouts and styles. It's perfect for creating PDFs from web-based content such as reports, invoices, and documentation. With support for HTML files, URLs, and raw HTML strings, IronPDF easily produces high-quality PDF documents.
using IronPdf;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer();
// 1. Convert HTML String to PDF
var htmlContent = "<h1>Hello, IronPDF!</h1><p>This is a PDF from an HTML string.</p>";
var pdfFromHtmlString = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(htmlContent);
pdfFromHtmlString.SaveAs("HTMLStringToPDF.pdf");
// 2. Convert HTML File to PDF
var htmlFilePath = "path_to_your_html_file.html"; // Specify the path to your HTML file
var pdfFromHtmlFile = renderer.RenderHtmlFileAsPdf(htmlFilePath);
pdfFromHtmlFile.SaveAs("HTMLFileToPDF.pdf");
// 3. Convert URL to PDF
var url = "http://ironpdf.com"; // Specify the URL
var pdfFromUrl = renderer.RenderUrlAsPdf(url);
pdfFromUrl.SaveAs("URLToPDF.pdf");
}
}
using IronPdf;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer();
// 1. Convert HTML String to PDF
var htmlContent = "<h1>Hello, IronPDF!</h1><p>This is a PDF from an HTML string.</p>";
var pdfFromHtmlString = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(htmlContent);
pdfFromHtmlString.SaveAs("HTMLStringToPDF.pdf");
// 2. Convert HTML File to PDF
var htmlFilePath = "path_to_your_html_file.html"; // Specify the path to your HTML file
var pdfFromHtmlFile = renderer.RenderHtmlFileAsPdf(htmlFilePath);
pdfFromHtmlFile.SaveAs("HTMLFileToPDF.pdf");
// 3. Convert URL to PDF
var url = "http://ironpdf.com"; // Specify the URL
var pdfFromUrl = renderer.RenderUrlAsPdf(url);
pdfFromUrl.SaveAs("URLToPDF.pdf");
}
}
Imports IronPdf
Friend Class Program
Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
Dim renderer = New ChromePdfRenderer()
' 1. Convert HTML String to PDF
Dim htmlContent = "<h1>Hello, IronPDF!</h1><p>This is a PDF from an HTML string.</p>"
Dim pdfFromHtmlString = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(htmlContent)
pdfFromHtmlString.SaveAs("HTMLStringToPDF.pdf")
' 2. Convert HTML File to PDF
Dim htmlFilePath = "path_to_your_html_file.html" ' Specify the path to your HTML file
Dim pdfFromHtmlFile = renderer.RenderHtmlFileAsPdf(htmlFilePath)
pdfFromHtmlFile.SaveAs("HTMLFileToPDF.pdf")
' 3. Convert URL to PDF
Dim url = "http://ironpdf.com" ' Specify the URL
Dim pdfFromUrl = renderer.RenderUrlAsPdf(url)
pdfFromUrl.SaveAs("URLToPDF.pdf")
End Sub
End Class
IronPDF can be installed from the NuGet package manager:
Install-Package IronPdf
Or from Visual Studio like this:
To generate a document with a tuple example, we can use the following code:
using IronPdf;
namespace IronPatterns
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------");
var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer(); // var pattern
var content = "<h1>Iron Software is Awesome</h1> Made with IronPDF!";
content += "<h2>Demo C# Pair with Tuples</h2>";
var result = Divide(10, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.Item1}, Remainder: {result.Item2}");
content += $"<p>When we divide 10 by 3:</p>";
content += $"<p>Quotient: {result.Item1}, Remainder: {result.Item2}</p>";
var pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content);
pdf.SaveAs("output.pdf"); // Saves PDF
}
// Method to demonstrate division using tuples
public static (int Quotient, int Remainder) Divide(int dividend, int divisor)
{
int quotient = dividend / divisor;
int remainder = dividend % divisor;
return (quotient, remainder);
}
}
}
using IronPdf;
namespace IronPatterns
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------");
var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer(); // var pattern
var content = "<h1>Iron Software is Awesome</h1> Made with IronPDF!";
content += "<h2>Demo C# Pair with Tuples</h2>";
var result = Divide(10, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.Item1}, Remainder: {result.Item2}");
content += $"<p>When we divide 10 by 3:</p>";
content += $"<p>Quotient: {result.Item1}, Remainder: {result.Item2}</p>";
var pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content);
pdf.SaveAs("output.pdf"); // Saves PDF
}
// Method to demonstrate division using tuples
public static (int Quotient, int Remainder) Divide(int dividend, int divisor)
{
int quotient = dividend / divisor;
int remainder = dividend % divisor;
return (quotient, remainder);
}
}
}
Imports IronPdf
Namespace IronPatterns
Friend Class Program
Shared Sub Main()
Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------")
Dim renderer = New ChromePdfRenderer() ' var pattern
Dim content = "<h1>Iron Software is Awesome</h1> Made with IronPDF!"
content &= "<h2>Demo C# Pair with Tuples</h2>"
Dim result = Divide(10, 3)
Console.WriteLine($"Quotient: {result.Item1}, Remainder: {result.Item2}")
content &= $"<p>When we divide 10 by 3:</p>"
content &= $"<p>Quotient: {result.Item1}, Remainder: {result.Item2}</p>"
Dim pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content)
pdf.SaveAs("output.pdf") ' Saves PDF
End Sub
' Method to demonstrate division using tuples
Public Shared Function Divide(ByVal dividend As Integer, ByVal divisor As Integer) As (Quotient As Integer, Remainder As Integer)
Dim quotient As Integer = dividend \ divisor
Dim remainder As Integer = dividend Mod divisor
Return (quotient, remainder)
End Function
End Class
End Namespace
Output
Trial License for IronPDF
Get your IronPDF Trial License and place the license in the appsettings.json
.
{
"IronPDF.LicenseKey": "<Your Key>"
}
Conclusion
In this article, we've explored the concept of pairs and the importance of having a Pair
class in C#. We've provided a simple implementation of the Pair
custom class along with various use cases demonstrating its versatility and utility in everyday programming tasks.
Whether you're working with coordinates, returning multiple values from a method, or storing key-value associations, the Pair class can be a valuable addition to your programming skill set.
In addition to this, the IronPDF library functionality is a great combination skill set to have for developers to generate PDF documents on the fly as required in applications.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Pair class in C#?
A Pair class in C# is a simple data structure that holds two related values. It provides a convenient way to bundle two distinct pieces of data together without encapsulating its object references.
Why would I use a Pair class instead of a Tuple in C#?
While tuples are immutable and have elements accessed via properties like Item1 and Item2, a Pair class allows for straightforward access to its properties as public fields, which can improve code readability and flexibility.
What are some common uses for the Pair class?
The Pair class can be used for storing coordinates, returning multiple values from a method, or storing key-value pairs in a more readable manner compared to tuples.
What are the benefits of using tuples in C#?
Tuples in C# offer concise syntax, lightweight structure, implicit naming of elements, and are useful for returning multiple values from methods.
What are the limitations of using tuples?
Tuples are limited in expressiveness compared to custom classes or structs and can have less readable code when accessed through properties like Item1, Item2, etc., if explicit names are not provided.
How can I initialize a dictionary in C#?
A dictionary in C# can be initialized like this: Dictionary
Why is generating PDFs from HTML useful?
Generating PDFs from HTML is useful for creating documents like reports and invoices directly from web-based content, ensuring a consistent and professional presentation.
What are some alternatives to using a dictionary in C#?
Alternatives to using a dictionary in C# include ConcurrentDictionary
What are the benefits of using a library for PDF generation?
Using a library for PDF generation simplifies the process of creating high-quality PDF documents from various content sources, ensuring accurate layout and style preservation.