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C# 中的日期時間對象(開發人員如何使用)

介紹

在 C# 中,DateTime 對象是處理 .NET Framework 應用程式中日期和時間的基礎。 他們提供強大的功能集,用於操作、格式化和比較日期和時間。

本文旨在提供 C# 中DateTime物件的全面概述,涵蓋其建立、操作、格式化及常見使用情境。 在本文的結尾,我們還將探討如何使用來自Iron SoftwareIronPDF在 C# 應用程序中動態生成 PDF 文檔。

建立 DateTime 物件

在 C# 中創建一個 DateTime 物件非常簡單。 有幾個可用的構造函數可以使用不同的參數初始化一個DateTime對象:

// Current date and time
DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Specific date and time
DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
// Date only
DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
// Date and time in UTC
DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
// Current date and time
DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Specific date and time
DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
// Date only
DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
// Date and time in UTC
DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
' Current date and time
Dim currentDateTime As DateTime = DateTime.Now
' Specific date and time
Dim specificDateTime As New DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0)
' Date only
Dim dateOnly As DateTime = DateTime.Today
' Date and time in UTC
Dim utcDateTime As DateTime = DateTime.UtcNow
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

操作DateTime物件

DateTime 對象提供了多種方法來操作日期和時間,如添加或減去時間間隔、提取組件以及在時區之間進行轉換。

DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
// Adding days
DateTime futureDate = now.AddDays(7);
// Subtracting hours
DateTime pastTime = now.AddHours(-3);
// Getting components
int year = now.Year;
int month = now.Month;
int day = now.Day;
int hour = now.Hour;
int minute = now.Minute;
int second = now.Second;
// Converting between time zones
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
DateTime localTime = utcTime.ToLocalTime();
DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
// Adding days
DateTime futureDate = now.AddDays(7);
// Subtracting hours
DateTime pastTime = now.AddHours(-3);
// Getting components
int year = now.Year;
int month = now.Month;
int day = now.Day;
int hour = now.Hour;
int minute = now.Minute;
int second = now.Second;
// Converting between time zones
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
DateTime localTime = utcTime.ToLocalTime();
Dim now As DateTime = DateTime.Now
' Adding days
Dim futureDate As DateTime = now.AddDays(7)
' Subtracting hours
Dim pastTime As DateTime = now.AddHours(-3)
' Getting components
Dim year As Integer = now.Year
Dim month As Integer = now.Month
Dim day As Integer = now.Day
Dim hour As Integer = now.Hour
Dim minute As Integer = now.Minute
Dim second As Integer = now.Second
' Converting between time zones
Dim utcTime As DateTime = DateTime.UtcNow
Dim localTime As DateTime = utcTime.ToLocalTime()
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

格式化DateTime對象

DateTime 物件表示時間或日期,可以使用各種格式指定符將其格式化為字串,以符合所需格式。

DateTime dateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Standard date and time format
string standardFormat = dateTime.ToString("G");
// Custom format
string customFormat = dateTime.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss");
// Format for sorting
string sortableFormat = dateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss");
DateTime dateTime = DateTime.Now;
// Standard date and time format
string standardFormat = dateTime.ToString("G");
// Custom format
string customFormat = dateTime.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss");
// Format for sorting
string sortableFormat = dateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss");
Imports System

Dim dateTime As DateTime = DateTime.Now
' Standard date and time format
Dim standardFormat As String = dateTime.ToString("G")
' Custom format
Dim customFormat As String = dateTime.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss")
' Format for sorting
Dim sortableFormat As String = dateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss")
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

比較DateTime 對象

C# 提供標準比較運算符(<><=>===!=),可用於直接比較兩個 DateTime 物件。 這些運算符比較 DateTime 物件的基礎刻度,這些刻度表示自公曆 0001 年 1 月 1 日 00:00:00.000 起經過的 100 奈秒間隔數。

以下是一個展示比較運算符用法的例子:

DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
if (date1 < date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (date1 > date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
if (date1 < date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (date1 > date2)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}
Dim date1 As DateTime = DateTime.Now
Dim date2 As DateTime = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)
If date1 < date2 Then
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.")
ElseIf date1 > date2 Then
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.")
Else
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.")
End If
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

使用 DateTime.Compare C# 方法

除了比較運算子外,DateTime 物件還提供了比較這些物件之間相對值的方法。 這些方法在某些情況下提供了更多的靈活性和可讀性。 CompareTo() 方法比較基礎的 DateTime 物件以確定結果。

假设这两个日期处于相同的时区值。 在比較物件之後,它返回一個整數值,表示大於、小於或等於。 相同日期值返回整數值 0。

DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
if (result < 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (result > 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
if (result < 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.");
}
else if (result > 0)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.");
}
Dim date1 As DateTime = DateTime.Now
Dim date2 As DateTime = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)
Dim result As Integer = date1.CompareTo(date2)
If result < 0 Then
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is earlier than date2.")
ElseIf result > 0 Then
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is later than date2.")
Else
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is equal to date2.")
End If
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

比較 DateTime 物件時的容差

在比較DateTime物件時,特別是在處理涉及時間間隔的計算時,由於精度可能存在差異,考慮一個容忍水平是很重要的。

這可以通過將兩個DateTime值之間的絕對差異與預定的容差閾值進行比較來實現。

class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(10);
TimeSpan tolerance = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5);
bool isEqual = Math.Abs((date1 - date2).TotalMilliseconds) <= tolerance.TotalMilliseconds;
if (isEqual)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is considered equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is not equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
}
}
class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(10);
TimeSpan tolerance = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5);
bool isEqual = Math.Abs((date1 - date2).TotalMilliseconds) <= tolerance.TotalMilliseconds;
if (isEqual)
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is considered equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("date1 is not equal to date2 within the tolerance.");
}
}
}
Friend Class Program
	Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim date1 As DateTime = DateTime.Now
Dim date2 As DateTime = DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(10)
Dim tolerance As TimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5)
Dim isEqual As Boolean = Math.Abs((date1.Subtract(date2)).TotalMilliseconds) <= tolerance.TotalMilliseconds
If isEqual Then
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is considered equal to date2 within the tolerance.")
Else
	Console.WriteLine("date1 is not equal to date2 within the tolerance.")
End If
	End Sub
End Class
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

處理時區和夏令時間

C# 中的 DateTime 物件可以表示本地時間與協調世界時間(UTC)。 特別是當處理全球應用程式時,注意時區轉換是很重要的。

DateTime localTime = DateTime.Now;
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
Console.WriteLine("Local Time: " + localTime);
Console.WriteLine("UTC Time: " + utcTime);
DateTime localTime = DateTime.Now;
DateTime utcTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
Console.WriteLine("Local Time: " + localTime);
Console.WriteLine("UTC Time: " + utcTime);
Dim localTime As DateTime = DateTime.Now
Dim utcTime As DateTime = DateTime.UtcNow
Console.WriteLine("Local Time: " & localTime)
Console.WriteLine("UTC Time: " & utcTime)
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

IronPDF 用於在 C# 中生成 PDF 文件

IronPDF 是 Iron Software 所提供的高效且易於使用的 PDF 生成庫。 我們可以使用 NuGet 套件管理器安裝它。

C# 的 Datetime 物件(開發者如何使用):圖 1

NuGet\Install-Package IronPdf -Version 2024.3.4
NuGet\Install-Package IronPdf -Version 2024.3.4
SHELL

或從 Visual Studio 如下所示

Datetime Objects in C#(對開發者而言如何運作):圖2 - 使用 NuGet 套件管理器安裝 IronPDF

現在讓我們深入探討 PDF 的生成,來展示一個 DateTime 物件。

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------");
        var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer(); // var pattern
        var content = " <h1> Iron Software is Awesome </h1> Made with IronPDF!";
        content += "<h2>Demo Datetime Objects in C#</h2>";
        // Current date and time
        content += "<h3>Current date and time</h3>";
        DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
        content += $"<p>Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}");
        // Specific date and time
        content += "<h3>Specific date and time</h3>";
        DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
        content += $"<p>Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}");
        // Date only
        content += "<h3>Date Only</h3>";
        DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        // Date and time in UTC
        content += "<h3>Date and time in UTC</h3>";
        DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Operators
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Operators</h3>";
        DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
        DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDates(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Compare Method
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Compare Method</h3>";
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDatesWithCompare(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        var pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content);
        pdf.SaveAs("outputDate.pdf"); // Saves PDF
    }
    public static string CompareDatesWithCompare(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
        string resultString;
        if (result < 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else if (result > 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else
        {
            resultString = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        return resultString;
    }
    public static string CompareDates(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        string result;
        if (CheckLessor(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else if (CheckGreater(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else
        {
            result = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static bool CheckGreater(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 > date2;
    }
    public static bool CheckLessor(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 < date2;
    }
}
class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------");
        var renderer = new ChromePdfRenderer(); // var pattern
        var content = " <h1> Iron Software is Awesome </h1> Made with IronPDF!";
        content += "<h2>Demo Datetime Objects in C#</h2>";
        // Current date and time
        content += "<h3>Current date and time</h3>";
        DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.Now;
        content += $"<p>Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}");
        // Specific date and time
        content += "<h3>Specific date and time</h3>";
        DateTime specificDateTime = new DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0);
        content += $"<p>Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}");
        // Date only
        content += "<h3>Date Only</h3>";
        DateTime dateOnly = DateTime.Today;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        // Date and time in UTC
        content += "<h3>Date and time in UTC</h3>";
        DateTime utcDateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
        content += $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Operators
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Operators</h3>";
        DateTime date1 = DateTime.Now;
        DateTime date2 = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDates(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        //Compare dates with Compare Method
        content += "<h3>Compare dates with Compare Method</h3>";
        content += $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDatesWithCompare(date1, date2)}</p>";
        Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}");
        var pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content);
        pdf.SaveAs("outputDate.pdf"); // Saves PDF
    }
    public static string CompareDatesWithCompare(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        int result = date1.CompareTo(date2);
        string resultString;
        if (result < 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else if (result > 0)
        {
            resultString = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        else
        {
            resultString = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(resultString);
        }
        return resultString;
    }
    public static string CompareDates(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        string result;
        if (CheckLessor(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is earlier than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else if (CheckGreater(date1, date2))
        {
            result = "date1 is later than date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        else
        {
            result = "date1 is equal to date2.";
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static bool CheckGreater(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 > date2;
    }
    public static bool CheckLessor(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        return date1 < date2;
    }
}
Friend Class Program
	Shared Sub Main()
		Console.WriteLine("-----------Iron Software-------------")
		Dim renderer = New ChromePdfRenderer() ' var pattern
		Dim content = " <h1> Iron Software is Awesome </h1> Made with IronPDF!"
		content &= "<h2>Demo Datetime Objects in C#</h2>"
		' Current date and time
		content &= "<h3>Current date and time</h3>"
		Dim currentDateTime As DateTime = DateTime.Now
		content &= $"<p>Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}</p>"
		Console.WriteLine($"Current date and time: {currentDateTime:U}")
		' Specific date and time
		content &= "<h3>Specific date and time</h3>"
		Dim specificDateTime As New DateTime(2024, 3, 16, 10, 30, 0)
		content &= $"<p>Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}</p>"
		Console.WriteLine($"Specific date and time: {specificDateTime:U}")
		' Date only
		content &= "<h3>Date Only</h3>"
		Dim dateOnly As DateTime = DateTime.Today
		content &= $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>"
		Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}")
		' Date and time in UTC
		content &= "<h3>Date and time in UTC</h3>"
		Dim utcDateTime As DateTime = DateTime.UtcNow
		content &= $"<p>Date only: {dateOnly:U}</p>"
		Console.WriteLine($"Date only: {dateOnly:U}")
		'Compare dates with Operators
		content &= "<h3>Compare dates with Operators</h3>"
		Dim date1 As DateTime = DateTime.Now
		Dim date2 As DateTime = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)
		content &= $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDates(date1, date2)}</p>"
		Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}")
		'Compare dates with Compare Method
		content &= "<h3>Compare dates with Compare Method</h3>"
		content &= $"<p>Compare date1 {date1:d}, date2 {date2:d}: {CompareDatesWithCompare(date1, date2)}</p>"
		Console.WriteLine($"Compare date1 {date1:U}, date2 {date2:U}: {dateOnly:U}")
		Dim pdf = renderer.RenderHtmlAsPdf(content)
		pdf.SaveAs("outputDate.pdf") ' Saves PDF
	End Sub
	Public Shared Function CompareDatesWithCompare(ByVal date1 As DateTime, ByVal date2 As DateTime) As String
		Dim result As Integer = date1.CompareTo(date2)
		Dim resultString As String
		If result < 0 Then
			resultString = "date1 is earlier than date2."
			Console.WriteLine(resultString)
		ElseIf result > 0 Then
			resultString = "date1 is later than date2."
			Console.WriteLine(resultString)
		Else
			resultString = "date1 is equal to date2."
			Console.WriteLine(resultString)
		End If
		Return resultString
	End Function
	Public Shared Function CompareDates(ByVal date1 As DateTime, ByVal date2 As DateTime) As String
		Dim result As String
		If CheckLessor(date1, date2) Then
			result = "date1 is earlier than date2."
			Console.WriteLine(result)
		ElseIf CheckGreater(date1, date2) Then
			result = "date1 is later than date2."
			Console.WriteLine(result)
		Else
			result = "date1 is equal to date2."
			Console.WriteLine(result)
		End If
		Return result
	End Function
	Public Shared Function CheckGreater(ByVal date1 As DateTime, ByVal date2 As DateTime) As Boolean
		Return date1 > date2
	End Function
	Public Shared Function CheckLessor(ByVal date1 As DateTime, ByVal date2 As DateTime) As Boolean
		Return date1 < date2
	End Function
End Class
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

以下輸出顯示使用DateTime物件生成的PDF:

`DateTime` 對象在C#中的應用(開發者指南):圖3

IronPDF 試用許可證

IronPDF。 請提供電子郵件地址以生成授權密鑰,該密鑰將發送到您提供的電子郵件。

"IronPDF.LicenseKey": "<Your Key>"
"IronPDF.LicenseKey": "<Your Key>"
'INSTANT VB TODO TASK: The following line uses invalid syntax:
'"IronPDF.LicenseKey": "<Your Key>"
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

將許可證金鑰放置在 AppSettings.Json 檔案中。

結論

C# 中的 DateTime 物件提供了一種強大的方式來處理 .NET 應用程式中的日期和時間。 他們提供廣泛的功能來創建、操作、格式化和比較日期和時間值。 理解如何有效地使用DateTime物件對於在C#應用程式中建立可靠且準確的日期和時間功能是至關重要的。

藉由利用DateTime對象的功能,開發人員可以確保他們的應用程式正確處理日期和時間,無論其遇到的具體要求或情境為何。

無論是計算持續時間、安排任務,或是向使用者顯示日期和時間,DateTime 對象在許多與日期和時間管理相關的 C# 程式設計方面都扮演著至關重要的角色。

Chipego
奇佩戈·卡林达
軟體工程師
Chipego 擁有天生的傾聽技能,這幫助他理解客戶問題,並提供智能解決方案。他在獲得信息技術理學學士學位後,于 2023 年加入 Iron Software 團隊。IronPDF 和 IronOCR 是 Chipego 專注的兩個產品,但隨著他每天找到新的方法來支持客戶,他對所有產品的了解也在不斷增長。他喜歡在 Iron Software 的協作生活,公司內的團隊成員從各自不同的經歷中共同努力,創造出有效的創新解決方案。當 Chipego 離開辦公桌時,他常常享受讀好書或踢足球的樂趣。
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